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Chemicals

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There are currently 17 names in this directory beginning with the letter S.
Salt domes
Naturally occurring underground salt deposits, which are solution mined for salt. The holes left in underground salt domes form caverns that are used for petrochemical storage.

Sealants
Material that is initially fluid or semifluid, placed between two opposing solid materials, becomes solid itself (by solvent evaporation or chemical reaction), bonds to the surfaces to which it is applied, and accommodates joint movement. Prevents excessive absorption of adhesives or penetration of liquid or gaseous substances.

Slurry
A liquid containing abrasive solids that is typically used in the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. CMP is a method of removing layers of solid for the purpose of surface planarization in the production of semiconductors.

Solid polystyrene (SPS)
Low cost, versatile plastic made from styrene.

Soluble
A substance that is capable of being dissolved in some solvent (usually water).

Solvent
A liquid that dissolves another substance to form a solution.

SPA
Solid phoshoric acid.

Speciality chemicals
Chemicals produced in small tonnage, having higher unit values and used for critical applications requiring stringent performance criteria.

Staple fiber
Polyester fiber made in short lengths (1-1.5 inches) and used in nonwoven applications such as filling for pillows, diapers, and jackets.

Styrene
Clear liquid used in polystyrene production and in products that are processed into packaging, coatings, molded products, and adhesives, eg.

Styrene acrylonitrile (SAN)
This material is used for making transparent barrels of expensive pens due to its greater strength and clarity.

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)
A high molecular weight polymer. Because of its excellent abrasion resistance, SBR is widely used in automobile and lorry (truck) tyres (tires), belting, flooring, wire and cable insulation, and footwear, and as a paper coating.

Substrate
The body or base layer of an integrated circuit, onto which other layers are deposited to form the circuit. The substrate is usually silicon, though sapphire is used for certain applications, particularly military, where radiation resistance is important.

Sulfonation
A chemical process that adds sulfur atoms to a molecule.

Surfactant
Short for surface active agent, a molecule that has both water-loving and water-hating properties.

Synthesis gas
A mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and other gases.

Systemics
The branch of science that addresses holistic systems. Wholes need to be conceptualized and studied as systems because they are not merely the sum of their parts.